What is Cholesterol?Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol). Cholesterol is a lipid found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and it is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. Because cholesterol is synthesized by all eukaryotes, trace amounts of cholesterol are also found in membranes of plants and fungi.The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones by Francois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. However, it is only in 1815 that chemist Eugene Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".[2]Most of the cholesterol is synthesized by the body and some has dietary origin. Cholesterol is more abundant in tissues which either synthesize more or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain. It plays a central role in many biochemical processes, such as the composition of cell membranes and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Cholesterol is insoluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system bound to one of the varieties of lipoprotein, spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. The main types, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) carry cholesterol from and to the liver.According to the lipid hypothesis, abnormally high cholesterol levels (hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by promoting atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. As high LDL contributes to this process, it is termed "bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") offer a degree of protection. The balance can be redressed with exercise, a healthy diet, and sometimes medication. |
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High Blood Pressure | Blood Pressure Causes | Normal Blood Pressure Controlling your weight is a very important step that you can take to reduce your high blood pressure. You can help lower your blood pressure by weight loss Blood pressure (high) Introduction - Health encyclopaedia - NHS Direct Change text to smaller size · Change text to normal size Persistent high blood pressure (hypertension), if untreated puts you at greater risk of having High blood pressure (hypertension) - causes, treatments and High blood pressure does not mean excessive emotional tension, although emotional tension and stress can temporarily increase blood pressure. Normal blood Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) If your blood pressure is near the top of the normal range or if you have a family history of high blood pressure, you're at a higher risk for developing High Blood Pressure: Things You Can Do to Help Lower Yours A normal blood pressure is 120/80 or lower. High blood pressure is 140/90 or higher. If your blood pressure is between 120/80 and 140/90, you have something What Is Normal Blood Pressure? Normal**, below 120, and, below 80, below 120/80. Pre-hypertension, 120-139, or, 80-89, 120/80 - 139/89. Stage 1 High Blood Pressure (hypertension), 140-159 High blood pressure (hypertension): Screening and diagnosis Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) â” when diastolic pressure is normal but systolic pressure is high â” is the most common type of high blood pressure Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) - Symptoms, Treatment and High normal blood pressure is a systolic from 131-139 and a diastolic from 85-89. The cut-offs from normal levels to high blood pressure, with varying High blood pressure - information and help about hypertension Although you may be said to have high blood pressure, or a normal blood pressure, it is important to realise that the higher your blood pressure, What Is High Blood Pressure? If you are being treated for high blood pressure and have repeated readings in the normal range, you still have high blood pressure. What Is High Blood Pressure? Blood Pressure Category, Systolic (mm Hg), Diastolic (mm Hg). Normal, less than 120, and, less than 80. Prehypertension, 120â“139, or, 80â“89. High |
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