What is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol). Cholesterol is a lipid found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and it is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. Because cholesterol is synthesized by all eukaryotes, trace amounts of cholesterol are also found in membranes of plants and fungi.The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones by Francois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. However, it is only in 1815 that chemist Eugene Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".[2]Most of the cholesterol is synthesized by the body and some has dietary origin. Cholesterol is more abundant in tissues which either synthesize more or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain. It plays a central role in many biochemical processes, such as the composition of cell membranes and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Cholesterol is insoluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system bound to one of the varieties of lipoprotein, spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. The main types, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) carry cholesterol from and to the liver.According to the lipid hypothesis, abnormally high cholesterol levels (hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by promoting atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. As high LDL contributes to this process, it is termed "bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") offer a degree of protection. The balance can be redressed with exercise, a healthy diet, and sometimes medication.

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Patients who are obese or overweight may be wrongly diagnosed with high blood pressure if the wrong size arm cuff is used. Find out how to make sure your

Blood pressure readings may be wrong for overweight patients
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Atherosclerosis : An isoflavone metabolite reduces arterial
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International Journal of Obesity - Overweight, obesity and high
Overweight, obesity and high blood pressure in an ethnically diverse sample of adolescents in Britain: the Medical Research Council DASH study

Overweight Childhood Leads to Adult High Blood Pressure (press
Overweight Childhood Leads to Adult High Blood Pressure (press release)

NIH/NHLBI News Release--Average Blood Pressure Levels On Rise
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NIBP measurements are inaccurate among overweight critically ill patients. βΆ Oscillometric NIBP measures underestimates blood pressure as determined using

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Those who were overweight had a 60 percent increased risk of diabetes, an 80 percent increased risk of high blood pressure, and a 50 percent higher

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As many as 50 percent of overweight men and women with high blood pressure may have hypertension as a result of being overweight, researchers reported.

InteliHealth:
The prevalence of high blood pressure increases with age and is often related to lifestyle habits. If you're overweight and inactive and you smoke,

Overweight and Obesity
Overweight children are at risk for serious health conditions like type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol - all once considered

RF Overweight
Relationship of Weight to Blood Pressure. Being overweight is a significant risk factor for the development of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension

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Being overweight commonly leads to increased blood pressure as well as to many other health problems. For example, if you are overweight you are more likely


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