What is Cholesterol?Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol). Cholesterol is a lipid found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and it is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. Because cholesterol is synthesized by all eukaryotes, trace amounts of cholesterol are also found in membranes of plants and fungi.The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones by Francois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. However, it is only in 1815 that chemist Eugene Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".[2]Most of the cholesterol is synthesized by the body and some has dietary origin. Cholesterol is more abundant in tissues which either synthesize more or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain. It plays a central role in many biochemical processes, such as the composition of cell membranes and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Cholesterol is insoluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system bound to one of the varieties of lipoprotein, spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. The main types, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) carry cholesterol from and to the liver.According to the lipid hypothesis, abnormally high cholesterol levels (hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by promoting atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. As high LDL contributes to this process, it is termed "bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") offer a degree of protection. The balance can be redressed with exercise, a healthy diet, and sometimes medication. |
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Measuring the Blood Pressure The point at which the sounds disappear is the diastolic pressure. If you have no stethoscope, the systolic blood pressure can be found by palpating the Blood Vessels Various facts about human blood pressure for nursing students. to record the blood pressure using the Korotkov sounds from the popliteal artery in the Taking a blood pressure The first time you hear this sound, note what the reading was on the pressure gage. This value represents the systolic blood pressure (described below). Blood Pressure Testing and Measurement Diastolic pressure is the pressure between heartbeats (the pressure when the last sound is heard). Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury, MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Blood pressure The bottom number is the diastolic blood pressure reading. should not rub the cuff or any clothing because these noises may block out the pulse sounds. High Blood Pressure: Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders: Merck An abnormal heart sound, called the fourth heart sound, is one of the earliest changes in the heart caused by high blood pressure. S2 Heart Sound Cardiovascular Medicine: Examination: Heart Sound Second. Herbals Affecting Blood Pressure. S2 Heart Sound. Second Heart Sound Amazon.com: High Blood Pressure (Sound Techniques for Healing Amazon.com: High Blood Pressure (Sound Techniques for Healing): Books: Robert Friedman,Kelly Howell by Robert Friedman,Kelly Howell. Video: How to monitor your own blood pressure - MayoClinic.com How to monitor your blood pressure at home. Note when you no longer hear the beating sounds. This is your diastolic pressure. Blood pressure - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The pressure at which this sound is first heard is the systolic blood pressure. The cuff pressure is further released until no sound can be heard (fifth How to measure blood pressure At the point where cuff pressure equals the systolic pressure, a sharp tapping sound is heard. We recall that the blood pressure oscillates between systolic |
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